The Calcutta Weekly Notes April 16 1951

The only limitation is ebodied in Article 20 of the Constitution which lays down that "no person shall he convicted of any offence except for the vilation of a law in force at the time of the commission of the act charged as an ofence nor be subjected to a penalty greater than that which might have been inflicted tinder the law in force at the time of the "Commission of -the offence: Sin [...] If the Legislature desired to shift the centre of gravity from security of revnue to the protection of small holdings they only sought to remove an anachronism in the present social economic and political conditions of the country. [...] In spite of i ' however the 1949 report of the American Civil Liberties Union published under the significant caption In the Shadow of Fear." shows that on the whole the courts have performed their functions with proper atention to the Bill of Rights. [...] The Governor-General if satified that the continued existence of such a body was prejudicial to the defence or to the maintenance and execution of the Contitution laws or existence of the Commowealth might declare it unlawful and apoint a receiver of its property. [...] Justice Dixon pointed out that matters of which the Governor-General had to be satisfied under the Act were described most jiglefiniteli► and that in authorising the executive to say whether the continued existence of a body or the activities of pesons were prejudicial to the security and defence of the Commonwealth the Act prvided a most uncertain criterion depending on matters of degree.