Prabuddha Bharata or Awakened India

From the earliest times known to the literature of ancient India kings had either ruled at Taxila or had made it the head-quarters of a viceroy and we also know from the Jataka books that even during the days of the earliest followers of the Buddha the city was the seat of a famous university where royal princes learned philosophers students of religion and leaders of society received instr [...] It was adorned with columns of the Ionic order ; and as pointed out by Sir John Marshall the only essential difference between' the general scheme of its design and that of such shrines as the Parthenon and the temple of Artemis at Ephesus is the presence of a solid mass of masonry in the centre of the temple which may have formed the base of a tower. [...] The first is of large dimensions and is situated on the east side of the main street of the old city while the tither is a smaller building on the west side of the Dharamrajika Stupa. [...] These Stupas formed the centres of important monastic establishments the members of which were not only employed in the performance of an elaborate temple ritual but who were also engaged in the pursuit of learning and attention to the spiritual needs of the rural population of the locality and of pilgrims who came from more distant places. [...] the fourth century A. D. It was ever the period beginning with the end of this century which witnessed the construction of a number of Gupta temples in Central India the best known of which are the rock-cut sanctuaries at Udaigiri in the Bhopal State the TigaWa temple in the.Tubbulpore District and the shrine at Deogarh in the Jhansi District.