Hindustani Manual

It is therefore the work of the student with the help of the Munshi to frame sentences illustrating the missing meanings. [...] When the sentence has been delivered by the machine three or four times the ear will have learnt the accent and the intonation of most of the words while the eye will have mastered the meaning. [...] With a bald transltion the student is unable to compare the differences in structure of the two languages while the baldness of the translation nauseates him. [...] When however pronouncing the corresponding hard letters the underside of the tip of the tongue should touch the palate above the upper front teeth. [...] (20) The short vowel a is pronounced like the u in the English word gun ; i as in fin ; u as in put Fi' as in father i as in marine u as the doubled o in boot e as in they o as in “go.” The Hindi.