In fact we know that the (11:tivada accounted not only for the Jain doctrine but also for that of the Ajivika's i. e. the followers of Gosala Makhaliputta the rival of Mahävira and of the Terrtsiya Trdiribiika) the followers of Chaluya Rohagutta' from whom the ViliAeiAikphilosophers are said by the Jains to draw their origin 2. Now Chaluya Rohagutta was the leader of the sixth schism [...] The (Iticruirt belonged to the nineteenth year in the study of the sacred texts ' and this is in reality the last year as the twentieth seems to have been occupied with a sort of reptitional recitation of the whole of the sacred lore. [...] Proably also the sacred scriptures were interpreted in different ways in the different gmyes and.itkhit' of the Svetambara community; and the existence at an early date of some of these sections of the church is put beyond doubt by the coincidence between the st/wvirlivati of the Kalpasültra and the votive inscriptions excavated at Mathura '. That the existing Jain commentaries are as a whole [...] The above considerations have throughout been made on the basis of the assumption that the Jam canon even in its present shape represents for the most part a very old set of writings the largest or at least the most important part of which goes back to the times of the Council of Fttaliputra the age of Bhadrabdhu and Sthfilabhadra. [...] The total absence in the most important parts of the canon of any ideas belonging to Greek astronomy — and only a total lack of knowledge concerning the simplest notions of Wesern science could tolerate the upholding of the Jain astronomy in the whole of its absurdity — supplies a decisive proof of the suggetion that the texts must have remained almost unaltered since the very first centuri
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