The Tribes and Castes of the North-Western Provinces and Oudh

Though the laws of Manu still spoke of four castes—of Brahmans Kshatriyas Vaisyas and Sadras—the social confusion during the long reign of Buddhism had left but one broad distinction : on the one hand the pure caste of the Brahmans on the other the mixed and impure castes of the people. [...] The same inference arises from the fact of which evdence is given elsewhere of the impossibility of drawing the lino between the Jat and Rajput of the Western Districts and the Bhuinhar and Chhatri of the East : in fact many of the septs of the latter claim indifferenly to belong to both races and some like the Bisen have an admitted Kurmi branch. [...] to cohabitation with women of inferior castes and the creation of definite classes of illegitimate Rajputs such as the Gaurua of the Central and the degraded Chauhans of the Upper Ganges-Jumna Dual). [...] we find at the top of the list a medium caste the Jcit with a nasal index of 55 indcating a very leptorhine nose followed by the Brdman with a nasal index of 59: third on the list strange to say is the Dheinnk a Dravidian caste withar average index of 61 the warlike Bdjput being bracket al with the Gadariya Lobar and with an index of 64 and the cultivated Iidyasth many grades be [...] Minjhi. 70 Banjara. 1 66 Dhingar. 69 Barhai. $ Arakh. Brahman. Banriya. Rajput. 65 Agariya. Chamex. Auiyar Eto.