Frontier and Overseas Expeditions from India. Compiled in the Intelligence Branch Army Headquarters India

The two great nations the Baloch and Pathan hold the whole country to the west of the Punjab the former lying roughly to the south and the latter to the north of a line drawn from the western face of the Suleimans opposite Dera Ghazi Khan almost clue west to Quetta. [...] Even now the inhabitants of the various districts show little inclination to mingle with one another and any concerted action by them against the paramount power is inconceivable.' The geographical boundaries of the Agency are on the north the Mustagh mountains which divide Hunza—Nagir from the Chinese New Dominions and the Hindu Kush in continuation of the Mustagh range separating Ishkama [...] On the east lies the Skardu district of Jammu and Kashmir ; and on the west the Shandur ranga on the opposite side of which is the Chitral district of the Dir and Swat Agency. [...] In the Indus valley the boundary is on the light bank of the river the watershed between the Hodar and Khanbari valleys and on the left bank the watershed between the Thor and Harba.n valleys. [...] In 1886 the growth of the Imperial and Kashmir interests in and near the Mustagh and Hindu Kush ranges and in the petty states tributary to Kashmir adjoining the northern frontiers of the Indian Empire determined the Government of India to depute an 'officer to make a further report on the hitherto little known countries of Htuna Nagir Yakn and Chitral.