Some Account of the ‘Palan Byoo’ or ‘Teindoung Bo’ (Paraponyx Oryzalis) a Lepidopterous Insect Pest of the Rice Plant in Burma Which in the Caterpillar Stage Breathes Water by Means of Tracheal-Gills

In the Burmese form on the contrary the body of the caterpillar has the typcal (subcylindrical) shape of non-aquatic members of the same family and the innermost series of tufts higher up on the back and more vertical than in the European species to which in form and structure as in distributional area it comes nearest and from which it differs in matters of detail so trifling as to be a [...] and the other posterior ; the eyes of the former are close together three in number and the two posterior of them are subequal to one another and larger than the anterior ; those of the latter are subequal about equal in size to the front eye of the front group and separated from one another by an interval about equal to that which separates the anterior of them from the last of the front grou [...] ment of tufts there would be I2 X 12=144 tufts in an But owing to the suppression of some or all of the tufts on certain somites at both ends of the body—for instances the first somite has no tufts at all the second and third want the anterior sternal and the anterior tergal of the infraspiracular series and the last the anterior pleural and all its tergal tufts—the actual number falls much bel [...] The antenme mouth-parts legs and wings are symmetrically folded back upon the ventral surface in the usual manner the posterior legs reaching to a point which lies about midway between the end of the abdomen and the end of the fifth somite of this' part in the perfect insect which in the specmens before me is almost ready to emerge having already separated from the pupa-skin at its post [...] The pupa does not lie with its ventral surface directly opposite to the exposed face of the cocoon but slightly turned towards the side which is to its right and in the closest relation of apposition therwith thus leaving on the side of the interior of the cocoon to its left a cavity into which the three nipple-shaped stimata of its left side can be seen through the transparent walls of